that用法归纳与总结定语从句
that在定语从句中做什么成分?
that在定语从句中做什么成分?
that 引导定语从句时,叫关系代词,代替先行词,所以原来的先行词在小句子中做什么成分that就在定语从句中做什么成分。如: Look at the man 。 The man is standing by the window.合成定语从句后是:look at the man that is standing by the window. 原句中,the man 做主语,则复合句中,that 代替了the man ,做定语从句的主语。
先行词在句子中作宾语用that?
只有定语从句才有先行词。先行词在句子中作宾语用,这说明句子是定语从句。
当先行词在定语从句中作宾语时,先行词指人,关系代词可以用that,也可以用whom. 如果先行词指物,关系代词可用that, 也可用用which. 例句:
1.I met the man who/that wanted to see you.
我遇到了想见你的那个人。
先行词是man,作谓语动词met的宾语,关系代词用who或者that.
2.I bought a book that/which is very interesting.
我买了一本很有趣的书。
先行词是book,作谓语动词bought的宾语,关系代词用that或者which.
that从句的时态如何决定?
看具体的情况,从句的时态与主句可以不一致。
用法如下:
1、that作限定词或代词
that可以作限定词或代词连接名词或名词短语,也可单独使用,用以指代人或者物。此外,that不仅可以指代单独的人或物,还可以指代一句话。
例:Furthermore, in the early days of long line fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now.
而且,在使用多钩长线捕鱼的初期,许多鱼被钩住后又被鲨鱼夺走。这不再是一个问题,因为附近的鲨鱼更少了。
2、that作副词表示程度,相当于so
例:It isn’t all that cold.天没有那么冷。
3、that引导名词性从句
that后面连接一个完整的陈述句,可以位于主语、宾语、表语或同位语的位置,分别引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。此时,that没有实意,而且不在从句中做任何成分。that引导主语从句和同位语从句时不可以省略。
That the plates are movingis now beyond dispute.(主语从句)
地球板块是在漂移的,这一事实毋庸置疑。
4、that引导定语从句
that引导定语从句,在从句中充当主语、表语或者宾语,既可以指代人,也可以指代物。that在定语从句中作宾语时,引导词that可以省略。
The professor that you admire most will visit our university next month.你敬仰的那个教授下月会到我们学校参观。
5、that引导强调句
“It is/was 被强调部分 that从句”是高频使用的一种强调句型,其中被强调部分可以作从句的主语、宾语和状语等。强调句中去掉“it is/was”和“that”后,句子成分和语义仍然完整。
It was after the war was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again.战争结束后爱因斯坦才能重新进行他的研究工作